7.1

kaana

yaqra'

al-

jariida

fii

maktabi-

hi

*aadatan

*

(he) was

reads

the

newspaper

in

office

his

normally

<

He was normally reading the newspaper in his library

7.2

madha

kunta

sa-

taquul

*inda'idhin?

*

what

(you) were

(future marker)

say

then

<

What would you have said then?

7.3

lam

takuuni

taquuliin

shay'an

'abadan

*

(did) not

(you) be

say

(any)thing

never

<

You have never said anything

7.4

limaadha

'akhadha

al-

rajul

yaDHak

kathiiran?

*

why

took

the

man

laughs

very

<

Why did the man begin to laugh (so) much?

7.5

al-

wuzaraa'

bada'uu

yakhrujuun

min

al-

ijtimaa*

*

the

ministers

began

come out

from

the

meeting

<

The ministers began to come out from the meeting

7.6

istamarrat

al-

mudiira

ta*mal

fii

maktabi-

haa

Hattaa

al-

masaaa'

*

continued

the

director

works

in

office

her

until

the

night

<

The director continued working in her office until night

7.7

qad

*araftum

al-

Haqiiqa

al-

aan

*

(tense marker)

(you) knew

the

truth

now

<

So now you know the truth

7.8

qad

tusaafiriin

'ilaa

dimashq

ghadan

*

(tense marker)

(you) travel

to

Damascus

tomorrow

<

You might go to Damascus tomorrow

7.9

al-

mujtami*uun

yakaaduun

yaSiluun

'ilaa

ittifaaq

*

the

participants

almost

arrive

to

agreement

<

The participants (in the meeting) are close to reaching an agreement

7.10

maaziltu

'a*mal

mudarrisan

fii

hadhihi

al-

madrasa

*

(I) stayed

work

teacher

in

this

the

school

<

I am still working as a teacher in this school

8.1

al-

rajul

min

tuunis

*

the

man

from

Tunisia

<

The man is from Tunisia

8.2

saafartu

b-

il-

Taa'ira

*

(I) travelled

with

the

plane

<

I travelled by plane

8.3

kayfa

saafarta

'ilaa

miSr?

*

how

(you) travelled

to

Egypt

<

How did you travel to Egypt?

8.4

min

ayna

anti?

*

from

where

you

<

Where are you from?

8.5

al-

kutub

fawq

al-

Taawila

*

the

books

on

the

table

<

The books are on the table

8.6

al-

ra'iis

yaSil

ba*d

ghadan

*

the

president

arrives

after

tomorrow

<

The president arrives the day after tomorrow

8.7

al-

rajul

la-

hu

ibnaan

*

the

man

with

him

(two) sons

<

The man has two sons

8.8

sha*ru-

haa

'aswad

k-

al-

layl

*

hair

her

black

as

the

night

<

Her hair is black as the night

8.9

hal

tuHibbuuna

al-

qahwa

biduun

sukkar?

*

(question marker)

(you) like

the

coffee

without

sugar

<

do you like coffee without sugar?

<

Do you want your coffee without sugar?

8.10

saa*adatu-

hum

min

khilaal

'aHad

al-

'aSdiqaa'

*

(I) helped

them

from

through

one

the

friends

<

I helped them through one of my friends

8.11

saafaruu

l-

il-

*amal

fii

al-

kuwait

*

(they) travelled

to

the

work

in

the

Kuwait

<

They travelled to work in Kuwait

8.12

lan

'uqaabila-

haa

ba*d

al-

yawm

*

(will) not

(I) meet

her

after

the

day

<

I will not see her after today

8.13

al-

maktaba

laysa

fii-

haa

kutub

jadiida

*

the

library

(has) not

in

her

books

new

<

There are no new books in the library

8.14

lam

'uqaabil-

hu

mundhu

waqt

Tawiil

*

(did) not

(I) meet

him

during

time

long

<

I haven't met him for a long time

9.1

dhakara

muraasil

al-

jariida

'anna

al-

ijtimaa*

qad

bada'a

*

reported

reporter

the

newspaper

that

the

meeting

(tense marker)

began

<

The reporter of the newspaper reported that the meeting had (already) begun

9.2

hal

sami*tum

'anna

al-

imtiHaan

kaana

sahlan

jiddan?

*

(question marker)

(you) heard

that

the

exam

was

easy

very

<

Have you heard that the exam was very easy

9.3

qaala

al-

mudarris

'inna-

hu

mariiD

*

said

the

teacher

that

him

sick

<

The teacher said that he was sick

9.4

yaquul

al-

mudarris

'inna

al-

imtiHaan

sahl

*

says

the

teacher

that

the

exam

easy

<

The teacher says that the exam is easy

9.5

'anaa

miSriy

lakinna

zawjat-

ii

lubnaaniyya

*

I

Egyptian

but

wife

my

Lebanese

<

I am Egyptian but my wife is Lebanese

9.6

min

al-

ma*ruuf

'anna

tuunis

balad

jamiil

jiddan

*

from

the

known

that

Tunisia

country

beautiful

very

<

It is (well)known that Tunisia is a beautiful country

9.7

tataSarraf

ka'anna-

haa

bint

Saghiira

*

(she) behaves

as if

her

girl

little

<

She behaves as if she was a little girl

9.8

lam

yaHDur

'ilaa

al-

madrasa

al-

yawm

li'anna-

hu

mariiD

*

(did) not

show up

to

the

school

the

day

because

him

sick

<

He did not show up in school today because he was sick

9.9

yajib

'an

taghsil

yaday-

ka

qabla

al-

akl

*

must

to

clean

two hands

your

before

the

food

<

You must wash your hands before the meal

9.10

kaana

yajib

*alay-

kum

'an

tastaqbiluu-

hum

fii

al-

maTaar

*

was

must

on

you

to

meet

them

in

the

airport

<

You were obliged to meet them in the airport

9.11

lam

'asmaH

la-

ka

bi-

'an

tanSarif

al-

'aan

*

(did) not

permit

with

you

with

to

leave / abandon

now

<

I did not permit you to leave now

9.12

'a-

turiidaan

'an

tata*allamaa

al-

lugha

al-

yaabaaniyya?

*

(question marker)

(you two) want

to

learn

the

language

the

Japanese

<

Do you (two) want to learn Japanese?

9.13

hiya

laa

tastaTii*

'an

tatakallam

al-

lugha

al-

yaabaaniyya

*

she

no

can

to

speak

the

language

the

Japanese

<

She doesn't know (how to speak) Japanese

9.14

laa

yumkinukum

'an

tudakhkhinuu

fii

al-

Saf

*

no

(you) can

to

smoke

in

the

class

<

you can't smoke in class

9.15

hal

tuHibbiin

'an

tushaahidii

al-

aflaam

al-

ajnabiyya?

*

(question marker)

(you) like

to

see

the

films

the

foreign

<

Do you like to see foreign films?

9.16

'anaa

a*mal

mudarrisan

'amma

zawjat-

ii

fa-

ta*mal

Tabiiba

*

I

work

teacher

but

wife

my

(sentence marker)

works

doctor

<

I work as a teacher but my wife works as a doctor

9.17

'anaa

a*mal

mudarrisan

'amma

zawjat-

ii

fa-

Tabiiba

*

I

work

teacher

but

wife

my

(sentence marker)

doctor

<

I work as a teacher but my wife is a doctor

9.18

al-

jaw

fii

al-

Sayf

daafi'

'amma

fii

al-

shitaa'

fa-

bariid

jiddan

*

the

weather

in

the

summer

warm

but

in

the

winter

(sentence marker)

cold

very

<

Iin the summer the weather is hot but in winter it is cold

10.1

al-

mudarris

alladhii

yudarris

al-

iqtiSaad

*iraaqiy

*

the

teacher

who

teaches

the

economy

Iraqi

<

The teacher who teaches economy is Iraqi

10.2

qaabaltu

al-

bint

allatii

ta*mal

fii

al-

maktaba

*

(I) met

the

girl

who

works

in

the

library

<

I met the girl who works in the library

10.3

'arsaltu

rasaa'il

'ilaa

kul

al-

'aSdiqaa'

alladhiina

ta*arraftu

*

(I) send

letters

to

all

the

friends

who

(I) knew

<

I send letters to all the friends I had

10.4

qaabaltu

bintan

ta*mal

fii

al-

maktaba

*

(I) met

girl

(she) works

in

the

library

<

I met a girl who works in the library

10.5

qara'a

fariid

kitaaban

ishtaraa-

hu

min

maktaba

al-

jaami*a

*

(he) read

Fariid

book

bouhgt

him

from

bookstore

the

university

<

Fariid read a book which he had bought at the university bookstore

10.6

kaana

bayna-

hum

zaa'iran

laa

yatakallam

al-

lugha

al-

*arabiyya

*

(he) was

between

them

visitor

no

speak

the

language

the

Arabic

<

Among them was a visitor who didn't speak Arabic

11.1

kaanat

'ajmal

qabla

'an

tatazawwaj

*

(she) was

more beautiful

before

to

marry

<

She was more beautiful before she got married

11.2

'aSbaHa

mashhuuran

ba*ada

'an

nashara

kitaaba-

hu

*

(he) became

famous

After

to

publish

book

his

<

He became famous after he published his book

11.3

naama

al-

walad

ba*ada

'an

'akala

Ta*aama-

hu

*

slept

the

boy

after

to

ate

food

his

<

The boy slept after eating his food

11.4

al-

ra'iis

yusaafir

ilaa

washinTun

ba*ada

'an

yajtami*

bi-

l-

wuzaraa'

*

the

president

travels

to

Washington

before

to

meet

with

the

ministers

<

The president travels to Washington before meeting with the ministers

11.5

sawfa

'azuur

faransaa

ba*da

'an

'azuur

iTaaliya

*

(future marker)

(I) visit

France

after

to

visit

Italy

<

I will visit France after visiting Italy

11.6

hal

istaqbaltumuu-

hum

*aindamaa

waSaluu

'ilaa

al-

maTaar?

*

(question marker)

(you) received

them

when

(they) arrived

to

the

airport

<

Did you receive them at their arrival at the airport?

11.7

lan

'uqaabila-

ki

al-

yawm

Haythu

'uqaabilu-

ki

kul

yawm

*

(will) not

(I) meet

you

the

day

where

(I) meet

you

every

day

<

I won't meet you today where I (normally) meet you every day

11.8

sawfa

yuqaabilu-

haa

ghadan

Haythu

qaabala-

haa

'ams

*

(future marker)

(he) meets

her

tomorrow

where

(he) met

her

yesterday

<

He will meet her tomorrow where he met her yesterday

11.9

hal

shaahadti-

hi

Hiina

kharaja

min

al-

Saf?

*

(question marker)

(you) saw

him

when

(he) came out

from

the

class

<

Did you see him coming out of the classroom?

11.10

*indamaa

HaDarat

al-

muwaZZafaat

'ilaa

al-

maktab

kaana

al-

mudiir

qad

inSaraf

*

when

showed up

the

employee

to

the

office

was

the

director

(tense marker)

left

<

When the employee showed up at the office the director had already left